Hydraulic press.



No. 840,990. PATENTE'D JAN. 8, 1907. P GHAILLY HYDRAULIC PRESS. APPLICATION FILED-OCT. 25, 1906.

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0., WASHINGTON, u. c.

PATBNI'ED JAN. 8, 1907.

F.- GHAILLY; HYDRAULIG P RESS. APPLICATION FILED OUT. 25, 1906.

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5] nuonl'oz witnesses No. 840,990. PATENTED JAN. 8, 1907. I F GHAILLY HYDRAULIC; PRESS. APPLICATION FILED 00T.25, 1906,

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3 vwen for Thereupon this second mold closes and is valves have been adjusted.-

ured quantities of material into the molds FRANQOIS "CH AILLY, "OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HYDRAULIC "PRESS;

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Jan. 8, 1907 Application filed October 25, 1906. Serial N0. 340,5'78.

7 is a diagrammatic plan view of the valves and pipe connections, illustrating the system of the water distribution. Figs. 8 and 9 "illustrate how the ends of the piston-rods may be shaped to operate in a number of molds instead of'one only.

On a base-plate 1 two hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3 are secured to give lternately a compressive action upon To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FnAnoois CHAILLY, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Presses, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

The object of the present invention is a hydraulic press which can be used in many industries-for instance, for compressing powdered substances into briquetsor for punching or stamping metal in machineshops, &c.

By a system of suitable valves forming part of this invention the press is made selfacting and the attendant has nothing else to do but to supply the hoppers of the pressmolds with the material to be agglomerated.

In the example described below two molds and hydraulic cylinders are employed which work alternately and while the material is compressed in one mold the second is opened automatically and the briquet is ejected.

a substance to be compressed. Tothis end the piston-rod is extended through the cylinder-head to be reciprocated in a mold. Thepiston-rod passes preferably through the front head only, but may be madeto pass also through the rear head inorder to cooperate with two molds, oneat each end of the hydraulic cylinders. The arrangement as shown and described below, working at one end only, offers certain advantages. When two pistons in two hydraulic cylinders act alternately under the pressure from the. rear, the water in front of the pistons can be shifted from one cylinder to the other and back under a slight pressure sufficient to force the pistons always home at the end of their stroke independent of the length of stroke of the companion piston.

To this end the front ends of the hydraulic cylinders are connected with a water-reservoir 4, preferably closed and provided with an air-cushion, which may be elevated, but is readily yielding under the slight variations of pressure in front of the pistons.

The pressure acting on the rear of the pistons may be derived from any suitable source of powe from an-elevated water-reservoir, from a steam-boiler, a pump, or a compressed-air tank, &c. This ressure being very high.say one hundred and twenty pounds per squareincheasilyovercomes the pressure on the front side of the pistons,

and the piston-rods extending into molds 5 and -6, secured infront of the hydraulic? cylinders, compress therein any material, such as coal-dust, clay, or sand to be agglomerated, wood-pulp, sawdust, &c. The piston-rod may also be used for shearing, punching, or stamping metal, as will be readily'understood, and thusmy-pressioan be used with great advantage .in machine-shops.

The molds should necessarily be very resisting and yet must open easily in order to remove the compressed blocks. With this object in View I employ cams 7 on shafts 8,

filled with a measured quantity of material, which nowreceives the pressure, while the first mold opens and allows the compressed block to drop out, and so on.

The valves are of such construction that the pressure can be regulated at will and the compressed blocks receive invariably the same degree of compression for which the Means are provided to drive the pistons always home on their back stroke independent of the length of stroke of the neighbor piston, and thus I am enabled to feed measand to obtain blocks or briquets'of absolutely the same size and density The press may also be worked by steam or by compressed air.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 shows my press ina plan view, and Fig. 2 in side elevation. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section throughone of the mold-controlling press-cylinders. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through one of the hydraulic cylinders and the pressmold. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through the main valves. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through the valves controlling the cylinder operating the molds. Fig.

which lean with one end against movable heads 9 and 10 of the mold and with the other end against a well-supported plate 11, integralwith the bearings of the shaft. The cams have an elongated approximately rectangular shape (best shown in Fig. 4) and transfer when in horizontal position all the pressure on a solid support 12 on the baseplate, and when turned into vertical position they catch a dog 13, projecting from the movable mold -head 9 or 10, sliding the same along suitable guide-bars 14, so as to open the mold.

Each support 12 is strengthened by a rib 12 and by cheeks 12, cast with it and with the base-plate, so that it has a box-like shape in which wedges l5 and 16 may be housed. The wedges bear against the side plate 11 of the shaft-bearings, which thus can be adjusted to a tight close of the mold and transfer all pressure through the cams upon the support or anvil 12.

The guide-bars 14 are firmly secured with one end in the stationary parts 5 and 6 of the molds, and the other ends enter into holes in the side plates 11, snugly fitting therein.

The stationary molds have each a hopper 17 and a horizontal perforation for a piston 18, being the reinforced end of the hydraulic supplementary hydraulic cylinders 21 22,

pistonrod. The mold-heads 9 and 10 slide on thebars 14 and are bored out in line with piston 18. A small piston 19 forms the bottom of the mold-heads 9 and 10 and extends, with a rod 2O, outward, almost abutting with its end against the shaft 8. Therefore when the cams 7 turn from the horizontal into the vertical position and catch the dog 13 of the movable mold-head, sliding the latter along the rods 14 to open the mold, the piston 19, abutting with its rods 20 against a shaft 8, cannot follow, and therefore the compressed block will be ejected and will fall down through the baseplate, which is pro vided with a suitable opening under the mold. The shafts, with the cams, are turned by I suitably governed by valves 23 and 24. The

piston-rods 21 and 22 of these cylinders are connected by a link 25 to a crank 26, keyed upon theouter end of each shaft 8, and by a chain 27, passing over a roller 28 on the baseplate to a heavy weight 29. Thus when the pressurefluid enters in one of the small cylinders 21 or 22 this weight is raised, while the shaft, with the cams, turns to throw the mold open.

An arm 30, extending vertically from the end of each piston-rod 21 and 22, is adapted to. strike the ends of rods projecting from the valves 23 and 24, andthus produces the shifting of the same, thereb y relieving the pressure a in the cylinders, whereupon the weight pulls the piston back in its place and the cams are turned back again into the horizontal posi- ['tion, whereby the mold will be readily understood.

is closed again, as

I will now describe how the valves 23 and 24 are working and also how the whole system operates automatically by means of valves. (Shown in detail in Figs. 5 and 6.)

The pressure fluid (water, steam, or air) enters through the main 31 into the valve 32, Fig. 5, and through port 33 it passes into suit able pipe connections 34 and 35 into the cylin' der 3. Driving its piston forward by pressing against its rear face will easily overcome the pressure on the front side of the piston and drive the water under the air-cushion in the reservoir 4 backward, thereby returning the piston in the companion cylinder 2. The water in the rear of said piston goes back to the valve 32 through pipe connections 36 and. 37, entering by the ort 38 and through the hollow body of the sfide 39 to the exhaust 40. At the same time while the piston in cylinder 3 goes forward, as described, the material in the mold 6, which is now closed, will be compressed. At first when the material which as fallen throu h the hopper 1.7 in front of the piston 18, filling out the available empty space in the mold, is still soft and offers little resistance the pressure in the cylinder 3 will be less than the available pressure-supply, assumed to be one hundred and twenty pounds per square inch but when the piston arrives near the end of its stroke and the mass in the mold is highly com ressed the pressure in the cylinder will gra ually increase and come up to the mark of one hundred and twenty pounds per square inch. Then the high pres.- sure in the pipe connections 34 35 will be transferred also into a branch pipe 41, which is provided with a relief-valve 42. This valve can be of ordinary construction to be pressed down on its seat, only a spring (not shown) is interposed between the valve-plate and the screw-stem so that the valve can be regulated to lift under any desired pressure. As soon as the valve-plate is lifted from its seat the water flows through the branch 41 into the valve 43, shifting therein a slide 43 into the position shown in the detail section, Fig. 5. The valve-body is connected by a branch 44 with a connection 45 in communication with the main 31 and with the feed-pipe 46 for the valves of the supplementary cylinders, to be described below.

Ports 47 and 48 are connected crosswise to ports 47 and 48 of a small cylinder 49, formin g a continuation of the main valve 32. This cylinder is provided with an exhaust 50, and 51 is an exhaust of the casing of valve 43. Now that the slide 43 has come into the position shown in detail in Fig. 5 the pressurewater entering through port 44 can pass through ports 47 and 47 behind the piston of cylinder 49 and shift it, with the slide 39, into the opposite positionthat is to say, the

. 51, while the. water cylinder 2, will be open.

port-33, leading into the cylinder 3, will be" closed and the port 38, connected with the Thusthe system is changed and the pressure fluid from the main 3 1 will act in cylinder 2 in the samemanner as described. with respect to cylinder 3. When on this side of the press the pressure has reached the maximum inthe cylinder and the relief-valve 42 in the branch pipe on this side will be lifted, the water will be allowed to pass'intothe valve 43 through the branch pipe 52, and slide 43 will go back into the original position. Before that, while still in the position shown, the piston in cylinder 49 ejects the water before it through ports 48 and 48 to the exhaust 51, andalso the pressure in the branch 41 is relieved immediately, and the water can escapetoward the exhaust or outlet 51. To this end a rod. 53, with valveheads 54 at each end, is sildably arranged in the slide 43, closing off both ends of the same alternately by means of suitable valve-seats.

In the position Fig. 5 the pressure-water from branch 41, which has pushed the slide 43 into the positionshown, finds the head 45 open and cango into the hollow interior of the slide and escape shown. when by the pressure through the pipe 52 the slide 43 is thrown back'again, the head 54 at the ri ht end strikes against the end plug of the va left side is thrown open. The pressure-water from pi e 52 is now relievedby passing into the hollow interior of the slide 43 and escapes through the slots 55 and the exhaust before'the piston in cy-l-" inder 49 commingles with the escaping pres-' sure-water in passing through ports47 47 and holes 56 through the wall of the slide into its interior. The full pressure through port 44 and port's-48 and 48 brings the slide 39 back again into its 'originalposition and changes the system, so that the piston in cylinder 3 is pressed forward again. The weight 29 has closed the mold automatically andhas brought the mold-controlling parts into the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The parts of the valve 24 take the position shown in Fig. 6 immediately when the relief-valve 42 opens and admits pressure-\vater into the branch 41, which is connected with the end of valvecasing 24 by a pipe 57, admitting the pressure-water'against the end ofa sliding valvebody 58. This valve-body is provided with two broad annular grooves 59 and 60, the first being imperforate and the second having longitudinal slots 61 inits bottom toproduce communication with the hollow interior. The groove 59 is always under high-water pressure admitted frorn'the main 31 through branches 45, .46, and 46. Therefore at the completion of the compression, when the valve has taken the position Fig. 6, high-pressure water will be admitted through port- 62 into weight 29 for closing stroke, the arm 64, which extends a through slots 55, as .v

ve and the headat the" the high-pressure water in the supplementary cyl'nder 22, and its piston will'travel back, lifting the weight 29 and opening the-mold,as above described, at the same time ejecting the ready "compressed --block. I i A small-port 63*may be provided at the rear end of'cylinder'22 for the escape of the air in the cylinder. 1 Th s port 63' may be connected by a suitable'p'ipe-with the reservoir 4 or with a similar separate air-cushioned reser- In this instance the the mold-may be dispensedwith, since pressure from said aircu'shioned reservoir would serve to drive the piston in cylinders 21 or-22 back to turn the cams into the horizontal mold-closing position. When the piston reaches'the end of its 30 strikes the valve-rods 64 and 65, as already stated above, first the rod voir. (Not shown.)

thereby shifting the valve-body 58 into a position to shut off the pressure from cylinder 22 and closing'by'valve-head' 66 the inner space'of the valve-body 58,'while the valvehe'ad 66 at the left end of the rod 64 leaves a passage "open to this inner space, so that the pressure from pipe 57 may be relieved This pressure-water finds now an outlet through the interior of' the valve-body 58 and passes through the slots' 61 tothe exhaust 67. The

arm 30 in reaching the end of its stroke has just touched-the end of rod 65, thereby throwing-open a plug 68 and admitting front of valveplate 66 and valve-body 58 by passing through the port-69. This will assist the shifting of the valve-body 58 and compel it to return into its original position, while the pressure on the late 66 at the right end will insure anopen c annel at the left end, so that the pressure 1n the connecting-pipe 57 will be relieved; The water in the cylinder 22, which has driventhe piston home and produced the shifting ofthe valve, is now free to pass 'into the exhaust 67 asthe groove overbridges the ports 62 and 67. The weight 29 can therefore close the mold again. The plug 68 isimmediately thrown into the closed position; preventing .the pressure to pass through port 69 in front of the valve-body 58; but this valve-body remains in the position of rest till again by lifting of the reliefvalve 42 pressure is admitted through the connecting-pipe 57, whereupon also the valve-body 58- takes the position shown in Fig. 6, and the pressure through branches 46 46 acts again in the supplementary cylinder to throw the mold open. The action in the supplementary cylinder 21 is absolutely the same as in 22, and therefore the description need not be repeated.

Fig. 8 shows a disposition of a piston-rod extending through-both ends of the cylinders 2 and 3, so that molds at both ends may colittle farther than 65,

IIO

'ameter equal to the .operate with the hydraulic cylinder. In such case the reservoir 4 may beomitted, and the system of water distribution and valves may be duplicated, having the ports 35 and 37 at the sides of the cylinder, as will easily be understood. I can also multiply the molds by using the system just as described and shown and by securing at the end of each piston-rodprojecting from the hydraulic cylinders a strong bar 70, as shown in Fig. 9, carryingithree or more pistons 71, having a dipiston 18, so as to correspond with the bore of the molds which Would be arranged on the base-plate side by side.

Having ,thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a:hydraulic press, a power-cylinder, a separable mold, one member of which is movable, a fixed member adjacent to said movable member to receive the pressure of the power-cylinder exerted on the mold, meansfor operating the movable member of the mold, an automatically-operated valve for supplying motor fluid to the power-ovlin-' der, and an automatically-operated valve for controlling vthe means for operating the movable member of the mold.

2. In a hydraulic press, a pair of, alter-v I nately-operating power-cylinders, and a pair of separable and alternately-operating molds, one member of which molds is movable, fixed members to receive the pressure of the ower cylinder exerted on the molds, means or op erating the movable member of the molds, an automatically-operated valve for supplying motor fluid to both power-cylinders, and an automatically-operated valve for controlling the means for operating the movable member of each mold.

3 In a hydraulic press, a power-cylinder, a separable mold, one member of which is movable, a fixed abutment, cams between said movable member and said fixed abutment engaging the movable member to see cure it in closed position, and also to remove said member from the fixed member of the mold, an automatically-o erated valve for supplying motor fluid to t e power-cylinder, and an automatically-operated valve for controlling said cams. I

4. In a hydraulic press, a power-cylinder, a separable mold, one member of which'is movable, a fixed abutment, cams between said movable member and said abutment, a supplemental power-cylindei for operating said cams, an extension on the movable member of the mold engaged by said cams to open the mold, an automaticallyoperated valve for supplying motor fluid to the power-cylinder, and an automatically-operated valve for supplying motor fluid to the supplemental power-cylinder.

5. In a hydraulic press, a power-cylinder, a separable mold, one member of whichis movable, a fixed abutment on'the base-plate,

an adjustable plate provided with shaftbearings, a shaft supported in said bearings, cams on said shaft engaging the movable member of the mold, a supplemental powercylinder and connection wlth said shaft, an automatically-operated valve for controlling the power-cylinder, and an automaticallyoperated valve for controlling the supplemental power-cylinder.

6. In a hydraulic press, a power-cylinder, a separable mold, one member of which is movable, a fixed abutment on the base-plate, an adjustable plate provided with shaftbearings, a shaft supported in said bearings, cams on said shaft engaging the movable member of the mold and a vertical member of said adjustable plate, an adjusting device between the fixed abutment and the adjustable plate a supplemental power-cylinder connected to said shaft, means for controlling the power-cylinder, and means for controlling the supplemental power-cylinder.

7. In a hydraulic press, a power-cylinder, a press-mold operated thereby, means for supplying motor fluid under a predetermined pressure to the cylinder on the power-stroke, a reservoir for supplying motor fluid under a reduced pressure to the cylinder on the return stroke of the piston and means for automatically cutting off the high-pressure fluid at the end of the power-stroke of the piston in the power-cylinder,

8. In a hydraulic press, a pair of alternately-operating power-cylinders, and a pair of molds connected to said cylinders, means for supplying motor fluid under a predetermined pressure to the cylinders on the power-stroke, a reservoir connected to both cylinders for supplying motor fluid under a reduced pressure to the cylinders on the return stroke of the piston, and means for cutting oif the high-pressure fluid at the end of the power-stroke of one piston, and directing said fluid to the other cylinder.

9. In a hydraulic press, a pair of alternately-operating cylinders, and a pair of molds motor-supply valve common to both cylinders, and comprising a hollow cylindrical slide open at both ends, a cylinder having a piston attached to said slide,'a hollow cylindrical slide in a supplemental valve-casing, open at both ends and provided with a rod extending through the slide and having disks on the ends thereof to close the ends of the slide alternately, and a perforate annular groove in the exterior of the slide, the valve-casing having openings in its endsconnected to the powercylinders, supply, and exhaust ports and ports communicating with the cylinder incllosingthe piston attached to the main s ide. l

an imperforate annular groove,

forated annular groove in the exterior of the slide, the valve-casing being provided With supply and exhaust ports, and a supple mental valve for controlling the supp y of 15 motor fluid to the main valve.

In testimony whereof I afiiX my signature.

FRANQOIS OHAILLY.

i In presence of HENRI DONZE, ANGELO BioLv.

10. In a hydraulic press, a pair of alternately-operating ower-cylinders, and a pair of separable mol s connected thereto a supplemental power-cylinder for opening and closing the mold, and provided with a valvecase having a supply-pipe at one end communicating With the main power-cylinder, a hollow cylindrical slide open at both ends a rod extending through the slide and having disks to close the ends of the slide alternately, an imperforate annular groove and a per- 1 

